Seroprevalence of HBsAg//HIV among Pregnant Women Attending State Hosiptal Antenatal Clinic, Ijebu-Ode
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v4i1.422Keywords:
HBV, HIV, Prevalence, Antenatal care, Chromatographic immunoassayAbstract
The rate of HBV and HIV infections in developing countries is alarming and may contribute to infant mortality. Therefore, there is a need to examine the prevalence of both infections among pregnant women, with an aim to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HIV and rate of co - infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at State Hospital, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria. From 489 women attending antenatal clinic, individual serum was obtained and screened for HBV and HIV antibodies respectively using chromatographic immunoassay. Bio data, occupation, living conditions and parity was obtained using structured questionnaire. A total of 489 pregnant women within age 15 – 39-year-old were screened, HBV infection recorded 33 (6.7%) while HIV was 20 (4.1%). The duo was higher among 20 - 24 years age group: HBV 13(10.4%) and HIV 9 (7.2%), and co-infection was 2 (0.004%). The incident of infections was higher among the artisans: HBV 20 (8.0%) and HIV 9 (3.6%) than others categories in relation about occupation. Increased frequency of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women is alarming public health issues and should be given proper attention. The prevalence of the duo infections may be culpable in infant mortality, and complication following child birth for the mothers. Therefore, pregnant women should be screened for both HBV and HIV infections during antenatal care. Enlightenment campaign on the routes, modes of transmission and control measures should be step-up at antenatal clinics across the board.
Metrics
Downloads
References
Adekanle, O., Ndububa, D.A., Ayodeji, O. O., Paul-Odo, B., Folorunso, T. A. (2010), “Sexual transmission of the hepatitis B virus among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria”, Singapore Med J, 51:944-7.
Araoye, M.O. (2003), “Sample size determination. In Margaret OA, editor. Research methodology with statistics for health and Social Sciences, Ilorin, Nigeria,” Nathadex Publishers, Pp 115 –119.
Behets, F. I., Matendo, R., Vaz, M. E., Kilese, N., Nanlele, D., Kokolomami, J. (2008), “Preventing vertical transmission of HIV in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A baseline survey of 18 antenatal clinics,” Bull World Health Organ, 24:969-75.
Buseri, F. I., Jeremiah, Z. A., Erhabor, O. (2008), “Prevalence of HIV seropositivity among antenatal women in Port Harcourt,” Trop J Health Sci, 15:55–60.
Chang, M. H. (2000), “Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection in children”, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 15 (Suppl): E16–E19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02096.x
Egesie, U.G., Mbooh,. R. T. (2008), “Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnant women in Amassoma,” Nigeria Afr J Biomed Res, 11: 111–3.
Eke, A. C., Eke, U. A., Okafor, C. I., Ezebielu, I. U. (2011), “Prevalence correlates and pattern of hepatitis B surface antigen in a low resource setting”, Virol J, 8:12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-8-12
Ezegbudo, C. N., Agbonlahor, D. E., Nwobu, G.O., Igwe, C. U., Agba, M.I., Okpala, H.O. (2004), “The seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and human immunodeficiency virus among pregnant women in Anambra State, Nigeria”, Shiraz E-Med J, 5:1–9.
Imade, G. E., Sagay, A. S., Ugwu, B, Thacher, T. D., Ford, P. W. (2004), “Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and HIV infections in pregnant women in Nigeria,” J Med Trop, 6: 15–21.
Lassey, A. T., Damale, N. K., Bekoe, V., Klufio, C. A. (2004), “Hepatitis C seroprevalence among mothers delivering at the Korle - Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana,” E Afr Med J, 8:198-201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v81i4.9155
McMahon, B. J., Alward, W. L., Hall, D. B, et al. (1985), “Acute hepatitis B virus infection: relation to the clinical expression of disease and subsequent development of the carrier state”, J Infect Dis, 151: 599–603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/151.4.599
Natalie H. Bzowe (2010), “Hepatitis B Therapy in Pregnancy”. Curr Hepat Rep. 9(4): 197–204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11901-010-0059-x
Obi, S. N. (2005), “Pregnant outcome in HIV seropositive women in Abakaliki, Nigeria”, Orient J Med, 17: 25–30.
Oladeinde, B. H., Omoregie, R., Olley, M., et al. (2011), “Prevalence of HIV and anemia among pregnant women”, North Am J Med Sci, 3: 548-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4297/najms.2011.3548
Olokoba, A. B., Tidi, S. K., Salawu, F. K., Danburam, A., Desalu, O. O., Abdurrahman, M. B. (2010), “Human immunodeficiency virus infection in voluntary blood donors in North-Eastern Nigeria”, Am J Sci Indian Res, 1: 435-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5251/ajsir.2010.1.3.435.438
Tassopoulos N. C., Papavangelou, G. J., Sjogren, M. H., et al. (1987), Natural history of acute hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatitis in Greek adults, Gastroenterology, 92: 1844–1850. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(87)90614-7
Uneka, C. J., Duhlinska, D. D., et al. (2007), “Prevalence and public health significance of HIV infection and anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Southern Nigeria,” J Health Popul Nutr, 25:328-35.
-- 0 --
